Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome (APS) Individuals who experience complications from antiphospholipid antibodies are diagnosed with Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome (APS). The blood clots often form in the leg veins. This elevation is thought to be reflective of the reaction of the antiphospholipid antibody with the thromboplastin used to measure the protime. This condition can occur both in people with lupus and those without lupus. Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), also known as antiphospholipid antibody, anticardiolipin antibody, lupus anticoagulant, and Hughes’ syndrome, includes these symptoms: Repeated clotting in veins – such as a deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in an arm or a leg, or a pulmonary embolus (a blood clot in a lung) – or arteries (stroke, heart attack) People with antiphospholipid antibody syndrome produce antibodies that interact with certain proteins in the blood. How is antiphospholipid syndrome diagnosed? Fifty percent of people with lupus … The risk of thrombosis in a patient with antiphospholipid-antibody-positive testing but no prior thrombotic episodes or other risk factors (e.g., autoimmune disease) is ; 1% per year. Rivaroxaban versus warfarin to treat patients with thrombotic antiphospholipid syndrome, with or without systemic lupus erythematosus (RAPS): a randomised, controlled, open-label, phase 2/3, non-inferiority trial. Lupus anticoagulant testing correlates better with clinical events than anti-cardiolipin antibodies or anti-β 2-glycoprotein I antibodies. Blood tests that measure for blood clotting are used to test for this antibody. APS may be associated with other diseases, mainly systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disorder characterised by arterial and venous thrombosis, adverse pregnancy outcomes (for mother and fetus), and raised levels of antiphospholipid (aPL) antibodies []. "Neutrophil extracellular traps, or NETs, come from white blood cells called neutrophils. In a mouse model of lupus or antiphospholipid syndrome, 6-gingerol could prevent a symptom of these diseases caused by the autoantibodies they generate: neutrophil extracellular trap release. People with lupus who experience complications from antiphospholipid antibodies are said to have antiphospholipid antibody syndrome. Management of patients with antiphospholipid syndrome on warfarin therapy can be challenging. People who have had thrombotic problems, miscarriages, or low platelet counts should be tested for antiphospholipid antibodies. The international normalized ratio (INR) of patients with antiphospholipid syndrome can be falsely elevated. About 15 percent to 20 percent of people with lupus develop APS, but people without lupus may also develop the condition. This causes the blood to clot more than normal. Despite growing evidence of the s … This condition is associated with the presence of three abnormal immune proteins in the blood: lupus anticoagulant, anticardiolipin, and anti-B2 glycoprotein I. Antibodies normally bind to specific foreign particles and germs, marking them for destruction, but the antibodies in antiphospholipid syndrome attack normal human proteins. The antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the occurrence of venous and/or arterial thrombosis and pregnancy morbidity in the presence of pathogenic autoantibodies known as antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL). The most commonly measured antiphospholipid antibodies include lupus anticoagulant and antibodies to cardiolipin or beta-2 glycoprotein. 1. Lupus anticoagulants and anticardiolipin antibodies have been strongly associated with the risk of thrombosis, recurrent fetal loss, thrombocytopenia, and a number of other clinical manifestations that together have been referred to as the antiphospholipid syndrome. Synonyms: lupus anticoagulant, Hughes' syndrome, sticky blood. The genetic cause of antiphospholipid syndrome is unknown.